The Paradigm : is the ensemble of knowledge, values, certainties, beliefs, practices, habits and taboos of a human community with regard to a specific field at a given moment during its history.

This ensemble, which makes up a school of thought, a mental model, is naturally accepted, even unconsciously integrated, and is never questioned.

In the past, those people who chose to question a paradigm were often considered to be heretics.

Often to be creative is to play with a paradigm, to question it.

some examples of paradigms:

• In Antiquity the world was considered to be flat.
• Before Galileo, Earth was the centre of the Universe.
• In the nineteenth century, science was « the » source of progress.
• Until a few years ago, washing powder had to really wash whiter than white.
• Cars have wheels.

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